Sound reproduction projector



Hume 8, 1935.

G B, scHElBELL SOUND REPRODUCTION PROJECTOR Filed April l1, 1930 5Sheer,s-Sheetl l w 'A TTORNY Jun@ l, H935. G. BA SCHEIBELL SOUNDREPRODUCTION PROJECTOR Filed April 1l, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.ma, 6j'

ATTORN Y Jun@ R8, 1935. G, B. scHElBELL 2,005,596

SOUND REPRODUCTION PROJECTOR Filed April l1, 1930 .3 Sheets-Sheet 3ICE-z., l

naannana\anunnnnou BBDBBEUUUDUGUDHUU A1 INVENToR. QAO/L/W A, @Mae/Me@ BY ATTORNEY Patented .lune 18, i935 Unire STM-rss lParam ori-lcs2,005,596- SOUND REPRODUCTIGN PROJECTOR Gordon Brown Scheibell, Newark,N; J.

Application April 11, 1930, Serial No. 443,398

3l Glairns. (Cl. 179-1003) My invention relates broadly to soundreproducg systems and moreparticularly to an apparatus for reproducingsound from iilm records.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide an apparatus for thereproduction ci sound wherein sound is recorded in multiple channelsupon lm and in which the nlm is automatically moved between a lightsource and a photoelectric cell for the reproduction of sound.

Another object of my invention is to provide a construction of automaticapparatus wherein a lm record may be automatically threaded through aprojection apparatus and the operation of the apparatus controlled foroperating reeling mechanism, moving alight aperture into position withrespect to a sound channel on the nlm, the apparatus being automaticallyreversible when the limit of movement of the film in one direction isreached in order that an adjacent channel on the nlm may form acontinuation of the sound reproduced on the rst mentioned channel.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a construction ofautomatic projector apparatus for sound records on lrn, wherein meansare provided for automatically reversing the direction of movement ofnlm through the projector apparatus when the limit of movement of theiilm is reached to form a continuous reproduction process with respectto a` multiplicity of sound channels recorded on the lm.

A further object of my invention is to provide an automatic mechanismfor sound projecting apparatus for simultaneously controlling aplurality oi different parts of a projecting apparatus and eecting areversal in the direction oi movement of the nlm at the limit of travelthereof in one direction for establishing a continuity of soundreproduction from sound records recorded in adjacent channels along thehlm.

Other and further objects of my invention reside in the arrangement ofsound projector apparatus and control mechanism therefor as set forthmore fully in the specification hereinafter following by reference tothe accompanying drawings in which:

Figure l is a perspective View showing the several parts of theprojector mechanism ot my invention; Fig. 2 is a detailed viewillustrating the arrangement oi the reversing mechanism for the reelingapparatus in the sound projector; Fig. 3 illustrates a View of thereversing mechanism shifted 180 degrees from the position illustrated in2; Fig. l shows the relation of the parts of the reversing and tripmechanism taken on line B-li of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a front elevationshowing the connection between the reversing mechanism and the shiftablelink in the reversing mechanism used in the sound projector of myinvention; Fig. 6 is a View taken through the time control mechanism online -i of Fig. 2; Fig. 'l is a View ci the switch control mechanism forlinitially starting the projector into operation showing the associatedmeans for controlling the light source in the projector; Fig. 8 is aside view of the unicontrol mechanism for starting the several'operating parts of the projector apparatus; Fig. 9 is a schematic Viewshowing the relationship hetween the shiftable aperture and the lenssystem disposed with respect to the lm record between the light sourceand the photo-electric celi; Fig. 10 is a plan View of the sniftablelight aperture; and, Fig. 11 shows a fragmentary portion of the soundrecord used in the sound reproducing system of my invention.

In the sound reproducing system which I have devised I employ aphoto-electric cell which is acted upon by a variable light beamcontrolled by a sound record recorded upon a nlm. In systems heretoforeemployed in the reproduction of Vsound from film it has been usual torecord a sound channel on the lrn adjacent the pictorial record on thefilm. When the lm has been run through the projector it is necessary toresort to a rewinding process in order to restore the nlm to its initialcondition ready for a rerun. It is highly desirable to use iilm` ofstandard width, and I have conceived a practical form of automaticprojector employing nlm of standard width wherein sound may be recordedin a multiple number of channels along the film either with or without apictorial record thereon in a manner by which the film may beautomatically reversed in its movement in one direction and rereeledthrough the projector in the opposite direction while maintaining thecontinuity of the sound recording process. I pro- .vide an automaticprojector which is operated in one direction to reproduce sound recordedin one channel, and the apparatus automatically reversed to reel thefllmin an opposite direction for reproducing sound in a continuousmanner from the adjacent sound channel. Coupled with the automaticreversing process, I provide automatic means for shifting the light beamfrom one sound channel to an adjacent sound channel, and also means forcontro-lling the circuit to the light source, as will be more fullyhereinafter described.

Inl Fig. 1 reference numeral I designates a frame, Adjacent the oppositeextremitiesv of the frame the reels 2 and 3, upon Which the film 4 iswound, are journaled. Idler pulleys 5 and 6 are provided adjacent thereels 2 and 3. Reference characters i and i! represent sprocket wheelswhich positively drive the lm by engaging With the perforations providedin the same. The idler pulleys 5 and 6 and the sprocket Wheels 'I and 8are secured to the frame I by axial mountings 9 and IS and II and I2,respectively, and are free to rotate thereon. Afxed to the sides of theprincipal sprocket wheels 'I and 8 are additional sprocket wheels I4 andI5 for engagement with driving chains I6 and I'I. For the purpose ofproperly guiding the film I provide members I8 and I9 located betweenthe sprocket wheels- 'I and 8 and secured to the fra-me I between whichthe film d passes. The central portion of the member IS is open to talens box 20 into Which are mounted two prisms 2| and 22. The member I3has a longitudinal slot into which an aperture plate 23 slidably ts. Atthe back of the projector and secured to the frame I is a mountedbracket 24. A frame 25 is mounted parallel to the frame I on'thebra-cket 24. A strengthening member 25 extends from the frame I to theframe 25 and is secured at opposite ends to both. A shift rod 2 extendsfrom a bearing in the frame 25 through a bearing support 28 which issecured to the frame I. At one end of the shift rod 2'? is a couplinglink 2S which couples the shift rod 21 to the aperture plate 23. At theother end of the shift rod 2'! is a shift yoke 35i. A switch panel 3| ismounted on the frame i and at right angles thereto. An arm 32 which ispart of a switching arrangement mounted on the switch panel 3l, which ismorefully described hereinafter, is connected by a coupling link 33 toanother arm 34 which is secured to the shift rod 2l. A box 35 whichcontains a timing element, more fully described later, is mounted on theback of the frame 25. On the side of the box 35 adjacent to the shiftrod 2l' is an arm 38, also more fully described hereinafter, winchrevolves in a plane parallel to the surface of the box 35 upon Which itis mounted. Two stops 3l' and 33 are secured to the box 35 and locatedso that they intercept the path of the arm 35 every 180 degrees. Adriving motor 39 is mounted upon the bracket 24. The shaft it of themotor extends through the frame 25. Centrally located thereon is a worm4I which engages a gear of the timing element of the box 35 describedhereinafter. At the end of the shaft 4I) is a bevel gear 42 whichengages another bevel gear 43. The gear 43 has a pin 44 extendingthrough its hub into a slot 45 in the drive shaft 4S. The drive shaft 46is supported by bearing members 41, 48 and 49 which are secured to theframe 25. At one end of the shaft 46 and above the bearing member 4l issecured the driving member 50 of a clutch, while at the other end of theshaft 46 below the bearing member 49 is secured the driving member 5I ofanother clutch. A shift disc 52 is located between two thrust collars 53and 54 which are secured to the shaft 46. The disc 52 engages with oneend of the shift yoke 3U. A shaft 5'! is mounted in bearing member 55.Secured to this shaft are the driven members 58 of a clutch, a thrustcollar 59 and a miter gear 60. The member 58 is prevented from moving upor down on the shaft 5'! by an annular shoulder but is free to rotate. Aspring 6| coiled around the shaft 5I' has one end secured to the thrustcollar 55 andthe other end secured to the driven member 58 of theclutch. Hence, shock from sudden engagement of the member 58 will beabsorbed by this spring. A similar construction will be seen in shaft62, driven member 64 of a clutch, spring 63, thrust collar 65 and mitergear ISS. Shafts 61 and 68 are provided at either end of the frame 25upon which are mounted, as shown, sprocket wheels 69 and 12, pulleywheels i0 and i3, and miter gears 'H and 14, respectively. The sprocketwheels 69 and '|2`engage the driving chains I6 and I1 and positivelydrive the sprocket wheels I4 and The pulley wheels 'III and 'I3 engagebelts I5 and 'I6 which in turn engage other pulley wheels 'I1 and 'I8which are secured to the reels 2 and 3. The belts 'I5 and 'IG arepreferably of a metallic weave or wound wire which will slip on thepulleys 'II and it. The pulleys 'I0 and 'I3 are of a size such that theywill cause the belts l5 and 'I6 to always drive the pulleys 'I'I and 'IBat the maximum speed required to reel up the film fed by the sprockets'I and 8.

The sprockets 'I and 8 maintain a continuous and even rate of speed forthe nlm 4, but as the film is reeled and unreeled on the reels 2 and 3,the diameters upon which the film 4 is wound will vary and increase ordecrease according to the amount of nlm on the reels. The belts 'I5 and'i5 which slip upon the pulleys TI and I8 act as a slip-clutch andcompensate for this change in diameter.

Mounted directly behind the member I9 and secured to the frame I is alens box 19. This lens box is part of the optical system which I willfully describe later. In line with the lens box 'i9 and mounted on thebracket 24 is an exciting lamp 8G suitable for use in conjunction Withthe photo-electric cell.

In Fig. 1 a photo-electric cell Stic is shown in its relative positionwith reference to the structure of the reel mechanism. A portion of thephoto-electric cell circuit is schematically illustrated at 86dincluding an amplier tube 80e leading to the sound reproducing circuit.

Fig. 1l shows a typical portion of the film for use with the projectorof my invention. As shown this film has a multiplicity of parallelchannels of sound recordings at 4a, and 4b, the arrows indicatingdirection of recording. It will be seen that one channel is reproducedin one direction and that the other channel is reproduced in theopposite direction.

Fig. 2 is a detail view of the interior of the box 35 containing thetiming element in the form of an intermittent motion mechanism driven bythe motor 3Q for effecting the periodic reversal of the film 4 and thetransverse shift of the shutter or aperture plate 23. The shaft BI isjournaled in one side 35a of the box 35. Mounted on this shaft SSI isthe arm 36 as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. Mounted upon the same shaft butupon the other side 35a of box 35 is a spur gear 82. A bearing 83 issecured to the side 35D of the box 35. Mounted in this bearing is ashaft upon which is secured a large spur gear 85, and also a small spurgear 84 which meshes with the large spur gear This large spur gear 85meshes with another spur gear 86, which is in turn secured to a shaft 81mounted in the wall 35o of the box 35. Secured to this shaft 87 is alarge worm wheel 89 which meshes with the Worm 4I described elsewhere.This worm 4I is mounted upon the shaft 4I) which is driven by the motor33. It will be seen that Vthis gear train appreciably reduces the numberACil l35o is a pawl ttc.

vof revolutions per minute transmitted from the driving shaft lil anddelivered to the-shaft 8|. This train of reduction gears is to be sotimed that there will be a degree revolution of the shaft 3i every timea complete length of lm has passed by the aperture plate 23 in onedirection. This timing element determines the length of a sound. channelrecorded upon the lmfll. and all such recordings have a length.specicall for use in machines of niy design.

The shaft iii extends through one end of the arm 36. A cam 36a iscccentrically mounted on the shaft Bi and is rotated in a plane parallelwith the arm E5 as shown in Fig. A sliding bearing Stb is mounted uponthe outer end of the arm 35. Slidably positioned in this bearing One endof this pawl 355e is notched in the manner shown to engage with thestops 3l and 38. The other end of this pawl is shouldered to forni abearing which rides upon the cam IJi'ounted upon the paw] Stic andbetween the shoulder thereon and the bearing Sith is a spring 33d. rlhisspring exerts pres sure against the shoulder of the pawl andforces itcontinuously in contact with the periphery of the cam 3611.'. It will beseen that a revolution of' the shaft ti will cause the pawl 36e to moveup and down with reference to the center of the shaft Si. Mounted uponthe reverse side of the arm Sii is a pin 36e which engages in a slot inthe shift yoke 3S. The spiral spring 3d!" is coiled about the end oftheshaft 8i which projects through the arm tt. This spring is secured oneend to the arm and at the other' end to the shaft The spring is soshaped positioned that there is a continual pressure transmitted fromthe shaft to the arm in the direction of rotation. Rotation of the shaft3i tends to increase this spring pressure. The purpose of the mechanicalelements of this arm 3G to provide a very quick motion of the arm 35 ata predetermined point of rotation of the reduction gear train.

Figs. 7 and 8 represent a switch for starting and stopping the drivingmotor of the projector. The panel 3i o-f insulating material has mountedthereon a shaft 3io to which is attached an inn sulating knob Sib. Acontacting sector Bic is secured to the shaft 3io and ositioned so thatit will engage with the double contact Sid` secured to the panel. Acontacting knife Sie is pivotally secured to the panel 3l and positionedsoi that it will engage with the other side of the contact tid. A spring3U is provided between the panel and the contacting knife Elle fornormally holdingr the knife Sie in engagement with the contact 31d. Anarm 32, which is shown in Fig. l, is also mounted upon the panel 3i.Mounted upon the free end of this arzrn 32 is a projection 32a whichextends through an arcuate slot 32D in panel 3l and engages with thecontacting sector 3 ic and contacting knife 3 le in the mannerindicated. The aperture 32h is cut on a. radius of the center of the arm32 and in the shape shown. Connected to the arm 32 as shown portion ofthe photo-electric cell Silo.

, and will tacting sector 3io and contactingknife Sie. As shown in Fig.7, after initially closing the contacting sector 3 lc manually by meansof the knob Sib, the motor will be running. Also connected across thepower line to the motor is a transformer 39a which supplies current fora magnet 39h. This magnet 39h actuates an armature 39e carrying contact39d which engages with another Contact 35e. Contacts 3sat and 39e inengagement closea circuit from a suitable electric source 39j to thefilament of the exciting lamp iid. The armature 39e is held away fromthe magnet 33h by means of a spring 39g.

Movement of the arrn 32 causes the projection 32a to disengage thecontacting sector sie. But before the contacting sector S ic is broughtout of engagement with the contact 32d, the contacting knife 3 leengages with the contact Sid by means .of tension of the spring 3i' y'.Return of the projection 32a on the arm 32 will force the contactingknife ele away from engagement with the contact 35d. The contactingsector tlc, however, has not been made to return to engagement with thecontact ld, and consequently the circuit will be broken and the motor 3Sshut down.

It will be seen that by manually, or under electrical control, closingthe contacting sector 3io with respect to contact (iid the projectcrisinitiated into operation.

Fig. lil shows the aperture plate t3 containing aperture 23a coupled bymeans of the coupling link 29 to the shift rod 2l'. The aperture tile inythe plate 2S is of a nature best suited for admitting a proper lightbeam to the film. Further, it

is of such a size and position that it will admit a C i light beam tobut one channel of the sound record on the film.

Fig. 9 is a schematic representation of the lens system used in thisprojector. The exciting lamp Sil, the condensing lenses Sila, theaperture plate 23, the nlm il, the prisms 2l and 22, and thephoto-electric cell Sile, are symmetrically located about an aXis ilbshown in Fig. ll. larallel light vrays from the exciting lamp areintercepted by the aperture plate 23 and passed through the 'i aperture23a. A parabolic reflector Gili is located behind the lamp Sil fordirecting the light rays toward the lm d. The aperture 23a admits asuitable beam of light to the iilrn and subsequentlyto one of the prismsi... or 2l, which in turn bends the beam to focus upon the sensitive l'twill be seen that the aperture plate 23 will admit a beam of light fromthe exciting lamp 8%, rst to one sound channel la on the film and then,when shifted, to the other sound channel rib, and the light beam uponcoming from either side of the nlm will be focused upon thephoto-electric cell tie. An advantage of such an arrangement is that theexciting lainp is symmetrically located with reference to thephoto-electric cell 36e, give uniform intensity for both channels ofsound recording la and 4b, with subsequent uniformity of reproduction.

Before the projector is started, the reel 2 will 1'.

contain all of the lm l except that portion which is used for threadingthrough the projector up to reel 3 between plates i8 and i9. There is nosound record upon this threading up portion. The rest of the mechanicalelements will be in a position as indicated in Fig. 1. When the operatorldesires to start the projector he will close the contacting sector 3ioby means of the knob Sib shown in Fig. 9 or under remote electricalcontrol by a solenoid switch. This will start the Lit) iii)

lil)

o1" travel oi motor 39, which through the clutch 5I and 58 andintermediate mechanical elements Will drive the sprocket t and reel 3,Winding the iilm from reel 2 thro-ugh members i3 and i9 past the lenssystem. At the same time the exciting lamp circuit will be closed bymeans of the magnet 39h, as in Fig. 7. All sound lms in my system are ofuniform length, and all sound recordings thereon begin and end atdefinite locations on the film.

Referring back to Fig. 2 as the film is run through the projector, thetrain of reduction gears in the timing element in box 35, revolve theshaft Si. At the exact moment when the end of the sound channel on thefilm is proximate to the path of the light beam from the exciting lamp,the shaft Si will have revolved 180 degrees by means of the train ofreduction gears and caused the cam .ita to release the pawl 36o fromengagement with the stop Si. The arm 35 will then very quickly revolve180 degrees in the direction of rotation of the shaft 3! by means ofpressure of the spring 36j. The projection 36e on arm (it which engagesthe shift yoke Sil will cause the same to partially rotate the shift rod2l and shift the shift disk 52, which in turn `disengages clutch Si--land engages clutch bil-455i, thereby abruptly reversing the directionthe nlm fl. Simultaneously, the movement of the shift rod 2i will movethe aperture plate 23 so that the aperture 23a admits a light beam fromthe exciting lamp to the other sound channel 23h, which has not yet beenreproduced. Further, at thesame time, the coupling link 33 Will causethe arm 32 mounted on the panel 3i, as shown in Fig. 1, to disengage themanually operated contact segment Sie and allow the contacting knife 35eto engage With the contact 31d, thereby continuing the electricalcircuit from source 31g to the motor 39. The nlm will then be drivenfrom reel 3 and wound on reel 2 by means or" the sprocket 'l and reel 2,which are now being driven from the shaft 61. When the end of thepresent channel lib, which was the beginning or the rst channel lla, isproximate to the path or" the light beam the arm 36 Will again quicklyrevolve 180 degrees.

This last movement of the arm 36 will disengage the clutch eti- 51%,engage the clutch 5 -58, shift the aperture plate 23 so that theaperture 23a admits a beam of light to the iirst sound channel da, andmove the coupling link 33 so that the arm 32 and projection 32a returnto the position shown in Fig. 1 and disengage the contacting knife Elefrom Contact 35d. The electrical circuit to the motor 39 will be broken,as the contacting sector Sie is not now in engagement With contact 35d,and the transformer 39a, Will cease to supply current to the magnet Bib,and the armature 3de will break the iilament circuit of the excitinglamp. The mechanical elements of the projector will be in an initialstarting position as rst described and this lm, or a substitute nlm, isready to be run ori again.

Certain of the operating arrangements and parts of the apparatusdisclosed but not claimed are covered in copending applications SerialNumbers 2133, 213e, and 2135, iiled January 16, 1935, and Serial Numbers16955 and 16956, led April 18, 1935. v

While I have described my invention in one of its preferred embodiments,I desire that it be understood that modications may be made and that nolimitations upon my invention are intended other than are imposed by thescope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates is as follows:

1. In a sound reproducing apparatus, a reversible reel mechanismcarrying a nlm, said film having sound recorded thereon in adjacentchannels With the sound record in one channel extending in one directionand the sound record in the adjacent channel extending in the oppositedirection, a light source disposed on one side of said lm, aphoto-electric cell on the opposite side of said nlm, a pair of prismmembers independently aligned with said sound records, a light aperturefor directing light rays from said light source through one or the otherof said prisms and incident upon said photoelectric cell in accordancewith the sound channel being reproduced, and means controlled at thelimit of travel of said lm in one direction Afor shifting said lightaperture from a position registering with one of said soun-d channels inalignment with one of said prisms and to a position registering with theother of said sound channels in alignment with the other of said prisms.

2. In a sound reproducing apparatus, a reversible reel mechanismcarrying a nlm having sound recorded thereon in separate channelsextending adjacent each other, with the sound record in one channelextending in a direction opposite to the direction of the sound recordin the adjacent channel, a light source disposed on one side of saidfilm, a photoelectric cell disposed on the opposite side of saidv ilm, apair of prism members disposed adjacent said film, one of said prismmembers being aligned with one of the sound channels and the other prismmember being aligned with the other sound channel, a. light apertureshiftable to direct a beam of light from said light source througheither of said sound channels and incident upon said photoelectric cell,and means controlled at the movement of said film to a predeterminedlimit for rendering said light source effective upon said sound channelsin succession.

3. In a sound reproducing system a photoelectric cell, a reversible reelmechanism carrying a lm `having sound recorded thereon in a plurality ofdifferent longitudinally extending channels, a multiplicity of prismspositioned adjacent said film and aligned with said photoelectric cell,a. light source adjacent said nlm on the side thereof opposite to saidphotoelectric cell, a light aperture for directing a beam of light fromsaid light source through a particular sound channel on said film andthrough one of said prisms and upon said photoelectric cell, and meansoperative in accordance with the limit of movement of said film forshifting said light aperture to a position exposing the adjacent soundchannel to said light source for directing a beam of lightthrough'another prism and upon said photoelectric cell for effectingcontinuous exposure of the sound 'channels on said lm to the eiect oflight rays from said light source.

fl. In a sound reproducing system, a photoelectric cell, a reproducingcircuit connected thereto, a reversible reel mechanism, a lm carried bysaid reel mechanism, a light source adjacent said film, means for movingfilm between said light source and said photoelectric cell in onedirection, a timing device adapted to operate independently or anycontrol directly exercised by said iilm but at the limit of movement ofsaid lm in one direction for reversing the movement 0f said reelmechanism and causing the nlm to be driven in the 'opposite direction,separate sound channels on said film, one of said sound channelsextending in one direction and another of said sound channels extendingin the opposite direction, and means controlled by said timing device atthe reversal of movement of said film for cutting ofi' the light sourcefrom one of said sound channels and exposing the other of said soundchannels to the effect of said light source for correspondinglycontrolling said photoelectric electric cell adjacent said prism plates,a source of light positioned behind said film and aligned with saidphotoelectric cell, and means for successively exposing the soundchannels on said film to the effect of said light source depending uponthe direction of movement of said nlm.

6. In a nlm apparatus, a nlm, a stationary refractive optical means,means adaptedto move said nlm in either of two longitudinal directions,means movable with respect to said optical means and adapted toselectively expose adjacent longi` tudinal portions of said film to saidoptical means, and an intermittent motion mechanism adapted toautomatically reverse the direction of movement of said lm in timedrelation to a predetermined length of movement of said film in either ofsaid two directions, but independently of any control exercised by saidfilm.

7. In film apparatus, a film, a motor, reel mechanism driven by saidmotor and adapted to move said film in either of two longitudinaldirections, an intermittent motion mechanism adapted to periodicallyreverse the direction of movement of said nlm and operable independentlyof any control by said nlm, refractive optical means, a shutter adaptedto expos-e longitudinal portions of said film to said optical means,shifting mechanism controlled by said mechanism and adapted toperiodically shirt said shutter with respect thereto to expose differentlongitudinal portions of said film to said optical system.

8; In a nlm apparatus, a nlm, a motor, means driven by said motoradapted to move said lm in either of two opposite directions, clutchreversing means adapted to reverse the direction of movement of saidfilm, refractive optical means, a shutter adapted to expose a portion ofsaid film to said optical means, shifting mechanisin adapted to movesaid shutter transversely with respect to said and an intermittentmotion mechanism adapted to periodically actuate said clutch reversingmeans and said shifting mechanism independently of any control exercisedby said film.

9. In a nlm apparatus, a nlm, a photoelectric cell having aphotosensitive cathode, motor driven means adapted to move said film ineither of two longitudinal directions, and an optical system comprising,a light source adapted to direct light rays towards said nlm, movableaperture means operated by said motor for controlling said light rays toselectively project light beams on two different transverse portions ofsaid nlm, and refractive means adapted to direct either of said beams oflight on the same area of said photo sensitive cathode.

l0. Ina hlm apparatus, a film, motor driven means adapted to move saidnlm in either of two longitudinal directions, a photo sensitive device,a light source adapted to direct a multiplicity of light rays towardssaid nlm, aperture means operated by said motor driven mea-ns andadapted to selectively denne at least two diiferent light beams ofsubstantially equal intensities, and prisms adapted to direct saidgroups of light rays upon the same localized area of said photosensitive device.

11. A film apparatus comprising, a photo sensitive cell, a light sourceadapted to direct light rays upon said cell, a lm interposed betweensaid light source and said photo sensitive cell, means adapted to movesaid lm in either of two longitudinal directions, a timing deviceoperated independently of any direct control exercised by said film andadapted to periodically alternate the direction of movement of saidfilm, and a shutter adapted to direct said light rays through differentlongitudinal portions of said nlm, said shutter and said film beingtransversely moved with respect to each other at periodic intervals bysaid timing device.

l2. A film apparatus comprising, a nlm, automatic means for sequentiallymoving said nlm in different directions, a plurality of prisms alignedWith different longitudinalportions of said film, and means operated insynchronism with said automatic means for selectively directing lightthrough said prisms.

13. Film apparatus comprising a photosensitive film, a photosensitiveAcell, an amplifier circuit connected thereto, a source of light, amotor, means driven by said motor for moving said nlm between saidphotosensitive cell and said source of light, aperture meansforsuccessively exposing adjacent longitudinal portions of said nlm topermit light to pass therethrough from said light source to saidphotosensitive cell, and a timing mechanism including reduction gearsadapted to be continuously driven'by said motor for causing theautomatic movement of said aperture means and said film transverselywith respect to each other in accordance vwith predetermined amounts ofmovement of said lm between said light source and said photosensitivecell.

14. In a sound reproducer comprising means for reproducing sound from aselected one of a plurality of lm'recorded soundtracks, motor driven nlmmoving mechanism, photosensitive means, a -sound reproducing andamplifying circuit connected with 'said photosensitive means, movablemeans for directing light to said photosensitive means through aselected one of said sound tracks, and a motor driven intermittentmotion mechanism for automatically causing the operation of said movablemeans at a predetermined time with respect to the longitudinal movementof said selected sound track whereby light is directed to saidphotosensitive means through a different sound track for reproduction ofsound therefrom, said intermittent motion mechanism operatingindependently of any control exercised by said film.

l5. The combination in accordance with claim` 14 in which saidintermittent motion mechanism includes reduction gears driven by saidmotor in synchronism with said film mechanism, and a quick acting deviceadapted to be periodically operated thereby.

16. A film apparatus comprising means for supporting and reversablyfeeding a film, and means mechanically operable independently of anycontrol directly exercised by said film for directing tively driven bysaid rotary driving means and l0` including a pair of reels for movingsaid film in different longitudinal directions between said reels, anoptical system for directing light with respect to differentlongitudinal portions of said lm dey pending upon its longitudinaldirection of movement, said optical system including stationaryrefractive means and a reciprocatively movable shutter, and meansadapted to be continuously driven by said rotary driving means duringthe movement of said feeding mechanism formoving said shutter in timedrelationship with the longitudinal movement of said film in eitherdirection between said reels, said means including a train of reductiongears coupled with said rotary driving means and an eccentric systemcoupled with said train of gears for translating rotary motion intoreciprocative motion.

18. Film apparatus comprising, a supporting structure, rotary drivingmeans carried by said supporting structure, a film, an optical systemfor' directing 'light with reference to a restricted longitudinalportion of said ilm and including yrefractive means mounted stationaryin said supporting structure and a shutter mounted for reciprocativemovement, mechanism effectively driven by said rotary driving means andincluding a pair of reels for positively feeding said lm in differentlongitudinal directions between said reels in a process of exposingdifferent longitudinal portions of said film-to the effect of lightdirected through'said opticalhsystem, a train of reduction gears drivenby said rotary driving thereby effecting the alternate use of saidreels" in a film take-up operation when said film is fed in differentdirections between said reels.` i'

19. Film apparatus comprising, a supporting' structure, a lm, an opticalsystem for directing light with reference to a restricted longitudinalportion of said film and including refractive means mounted stationaryin said supporting structure and a shutter mounted for reciprocativemovement, mechanism effectively drivenby said rotary driving means andincluding a pair of reels for positively feeding said film in diiferentlongitudinal directions between said reels* in a process of exposingdifferent longitudinal portions of said film to theeffect oflightdirected through said optical system, a train of reduction gearsdriven by said rotatable driving means, a rotatable device driven bysaid gears, means including a member eccentrically coupled with saidrotatable device for imparting reoiprocative motion to said shutter, astopping device including a cam driven with said rotatable member and anelement peripherally engaging said carri under tension of a spring forstopping said Cam in a predetermined angular position to bring saidshutter to rest in a predetermined position with respect to said film,meansincluding a rotatable shaft effectively driven by said rotarydriving means, said shaft and said reels being relatively movable in as-ense other than rotation for enabling said shaft to impart rotarymotion to said reels one at a time thereby effecting the alternate useof said reels in a lm take-up operation when said film is fed indifferent directions betweeny said reels.

20. Film apparatus comprising, a supporting structure, rotary drivingmeans carried by said supporting structure, a perforated film, anoptical system for directing light with reference to a restrictedlongitudinal portion of said film and including refractive means mountedstationary in said supporting structure and a shutter mounted forreciprocative movement, mechanism effectively driven by said rotarydriving means and including a pair of reels and sprocket means forpositively feeding said film in diiferent longitudinal directionsbetween said reels in a process of exposing different longitudinalportions of said illni vto the effect of light directed through saidoptical system, reduction gears driven by said rotary driving means,means driven by said gears at a reduced speed and comprising a cam and arotatable element mounted upon the same shaft,

a pin eccentrically carried by said rotatable element, a pivotallyacting lever having a slot therein engaging said pin, a rod connectingsaid lever with said shutter for imparting reciprocative motion theretofrom said lever when actuated by said eccentrically carried pin, arectilinearlymovable member peripherally engaging said cam, said memberbeing movable between the periphery of said cainand parts of saidmounting structure for arrestingv the movement of said cam to bring saidshutter to rest in a predetermined position with respect to said nlm, aspring for urging Said rectilinear member into peripheral engagementwith said cam for controlling the movement thereof, and rotatable meansincluding a shaft effectively driven by said rotary driving means,

said shaft and said reels being relatively movable in a sense other thanrotation for enabling said shaft to impart rotary motion to said reelsone at a time for effecting the alternate use of said reels in a lmtake-up operation when said lm is fed in different directions betweensaid reels.

21. Film apparatus comprising, photosensitive means, a circuit connectedwith said photosensitive means, a nlm, means for directing light throughsaid film to said photosensitive means including refractive means,shutter means for exposing different longitudinal portions of said film,and an electrical source of light having a circuit connected therewith;rotary driving means, reel mechanism driven bysaid rotary driving meansfor reversibly feeding said lm, a manually settable element forinitiating the operation of said rotary driving means and said lightsource, and means adapted to operate independently of any controldirectly exercised by said film but in accordance with predeterminedmovement of said nlm for interdependently controlling said light sourcecircuit, said shutter, said manually settable member and the effectiveoperation of said rotary driving means in moving said film mechanism,whereby said film apparatus as a whole, after the initiation. ofoperation by said manually settable element, is automatically operatedin a process of reversibly feeding said nlm and directing light throughdifferent longitudinal portions thereof to said photosensitive means andbrought to rest after the completion of a cycle of operations in saidprocess.

22. Film apparatus comprising, a nlm, movable means foreffectively-directing light to different longitudinal portions of saidnlm, feeding means for feeding said film in different longitudinaldirections, a motor for driving said feeding means, and means comprisingmechanism effectively operable at the limit of movement of said film inone longitudinal direction for causing said film to be fed in theopposite direction and for transmitting mechanical forces from saidmotor to said movable means for moving the same to cause light to beeffectively directed to a transversely different longitudinalportion ofsaid film when said film is fed in the opposite direction.

23. Film apparatus in yaccorda-nce with claim 22 in which said mechanismincludes a reciprocative controlling member movable into two differentpositions, one of which causessaid nlm to be driven in one direction andcontrols said movable means for directing light to one longitudinalportion of said film and the other position of which causes said film tobe moved in the opposite direction and controls said movable means fordirecting light to a different longitudinal portion of said film, andresilient means for urging said reciprocative member to either one ofsaid positions selectively in accordance with the predetermined movementof said film.

2li. Film apparatus comprising, a film, movable means for effectivelydirecting light to transversely different longitudinal portions of saidlm, feeding means for feeding said film in different longitudinaldirections, an electric motor for driving said feeding means, a circuitfor controlling said motor including a switch movable between twodifferent positions and operable from one position to another each timethe direction oi movement of said film is reversed, lmfeeding reversingmeans including a reciprocative device movable into one position whensaid film is fed in one direction and into another position when saidnlm is fed in a reverse direction for correspondingly actuating saidswitch in different positions, and means for delivering mechanicalforces from said motor to said reciprocative device for actuating saidswitch, said means beingoperable at the limit of movement of said nlm inmoving in said longitudinal directions.

2.5. Film apparatus in accordance with claim 2li in which saidreciprocative device is mechanically coupled with said movable means forshifting the same when said film is reversed.

26. Film apparatus in accordance with claim 2li including means forbending the direction of light from an electrical light source and inwhich said reciprocative device is mechanically coupled with saidmovable means for shifting the same when said film is reversed, saidreciprocative device including quicl-acting resilient means for urgingsaid device to either of two said positions.

2'?. Film apparatus comprising, a pair of reels,'

a perforated film carried by said reels and having photographic recordsthereon disposed upon transversely different longitudinal portions ofsaid nlm and extending in opposite directions on said film, an opticalsystem for directing light with reference to said longitudinal portionsof said nlm and including, an electrical source of light, movableaperture means, and optical means for bending the light rays from saidlight source to change its direction; an electric motor, perforationengaging means driven by said motor for positively feeding said film, anelectrical circuit for controlling said motor including a switchoperable between two different positions, and reversing means includinga reciprocative member effectively mechanically actuated by said motorfor moving said switch from one position to another, said reversingmeans being operable at the limit of movement of said film in onedirection for causing said film to move in the opposite direction forselectively directing light with reference to the different photographicrecords on said nlm.

28. Film apparatus in accordance with claim 27 in which said opticalinea-ns comprises prism means mounted stationary with respect to saidmovable aperture means.

29. llilm apparatus for reversibly feeding a film comprising, aperforated nlm, first and second reels upon which said film is storedand between which said film is reversibly fed, intermediate mountingmeans including two intermediate rotatable elements mounted thereon forrespectively mechanically driving said reels, refractive optical meansfor directing light with respect to said film, aperture means forselectively exposing transversely different longitudinal portions oifsaid nlm to light directed through said refractive means depending uponthe direction of movement of said film between said reels, a generalmounting structure supporting said optical means in a stationary mannerwith respect thereto and carrying said intermediate mounting means,rotary driving means carried by said general mounting structure, movableperforation engaging means carried by said general mounting structureand driven by said rotary driving means for positively feeding saidfilm, and a rotatable device driven by said rotary driving means forselectively imparting rotary motion to said intermediate rotatableelements, said rotatable device and said intermediate mounting structurebeing relatively movable whereby said rotatable device can beselectively mechanically coupled with either of saidntermediaterotatable elements carried by said intermediate mountingmeans so that said reel elements can be selectively driven by saidrotary driving means for moving said film from said first-reel to saidsecond reel past said refractive means and said aperture means to exposeone longitudinal portion of said film to light passing through saidrefractive means or for moving said lm from said second reel to saidfirst reel for exposing another longitudinal portion of said film tollight passing through said refractive means.

30. Film apparatus for reversibly feeding a film comprising, aperforated nlm, an optical system including refractive optical means andaperture means for cooperation with said film to expose transverselydifferent longitudinal portions thereof to light directed through saidaperture and refractive means, a general mounting structure carryingsaid optical means, rotary driving means carried by said generalmounting structure, film perforation engaging means mounted in saidgeneral mounting structure and driven by said driving means, anintermediate mounting structure carried by said general mountingstructure and provided with a pair of rotatable nlm take-up drivingelements, and a rotatable device driven by said rotary driving means forselectively imparting rotary motion to said taire-up driving elements,said rotatable device and said intermediate mounting structure beingrelatively movable whereby said rotatable device can be selectivelyniechanically coupled with either of said take-up driving elementscarried by said intermediate structure for feeding said film in tWodifferent directions With reference to said takeup driving elements andpast said optical system to expose transversely dierent longitudinalportions ci said nlm to light passing through said optical systemdepending upon the direction of feed of said film.

31. A film apparatus comprising, a perforated lm, refractive means fordirecting light With reference to a selected longitudinal half portionof said lm, film advancing and exposing means including take-up elementsand perforation engaging means as Well as a shutter, actuating means fordriving said lm advancing and exposing means and including a mechanicalmovement having a train of reduction gears and a coiled spring coupledtherewith, a rotatable mem ber effectively actuated by said spring fortransferring motion to said shutter, a mechanical arrangement includingsaid rotatable member for eectively bringing said shutter to rest in a,predetermined position With respect to said lm, a rotatable deviceoperatively coupled with said mechanical movement for imparting adriving force to said take-up elements, said device and said lm take-upelements being relatively movable in a sense other than rotation forpermitting selective coupling of said rotatable device with said take-upelements in a lm feeding and take-- up operation, and a manuallysettable element movable from one position to another to initiate theoperation of said actuating means, said element having amechanicalinterconnection with said actuating means.

GORDON BROWN SCHEIBELL.

